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Catalog

B

• Boolean

F

• Float

I

• Integer

N

• Null

S

• String

About

Data types are classifications of variables or values. Each data type can only store a specific type of value. For example, a string cannot contain an integer value, or a boolean cannot contain a string value.

Because x++ is a dynamic programming language, you can change the data type of a variable or a value during run-time.

x++ is also a weakly-typed programming language. You do not (and cannot) directly specify what the data type of a variable or value is. The interpreter will read the value and determine the data type during run-time.

Strongly-typed language, such as Java:

int myInteger = 5;

Weakly-typed language, such as JavaScript:

let myInteger = 5;

Similarly, in x++, you define a variable with a data type of an integer like so:

var myInteger 5

Documentation

Boolean

A boolean value represents either true or false.

Currently, it is impossible to get a boolean value within vanilla x++. Because of that, integers are used instead to represent a true or false value, where 1 represents true and 0 represents false.

You can however, use Python integration to create booleans on demand. The x++ interpreter supports this functionality natively.

Float

A float is a signed number value with decimal points:

5.0

-5.0

It can be compared using mathematical comparators or be modified using certain operators.

Unlike integers, a decimal point is required to define a float.

Because floats are not accurate representations of the values, inaccuracies can occur similar to other programming languages:

var a 0.1
var b 0.2
prt (a + b)

Integer

An integer is a signed number value with no decimal points:

5

-5

It can be compared using mathematical comparators or be modified using certain operators.

Unlike Python, integers do allow leading 0s to exist:

var myInteger 05
prt myInteger  :: 5

In vanilla x++, it can also be used as a boolean value, where 1 represents true and 0 represents false:

var hamburgerIsEaten 1
if (hamburgerIsEaten == 1) { prt "Someone ate my hamburger" }

Null

Null is a data type that represents nothing.

It cannot be defined normally in x++ and acts as the default value to undefined variables:

prt nonexistingVariable

It cannot be modified using any operators, and it cannot be used as a source or target within an expression:

:: This will throw a parsing exception
if (nonexistingVariable == anotherNonExistingVariable) { prt "true" }

String

A string is a combination of characters, numbers, spaces, and other symbols wrapped around by double-quotes ("):

"string"

"Hello, world!"

"My favorite number is 5."

Some sets of characters, called escape codes or escape sequences, have special meanings within a string, and they always start with a backslash (\):

"\t Indentation"

"\n New Line"

Below is a list of all the escape codes for reference:

Source: Python DS - Python 3 Escape Sequences

You can also string interpolation within an x++ string. All non-string interpolations must be a valid x++ statement and be surrounded by ():

:: If you are interpolating two strings:
var secondString "world!"
prt ("Hello, " + secondString)  :: "Hello, world!"

:: If you have other datatypes:
var myInteger 5
prt "My favorite integer:" (myInteger)

Any non-string data type within a string interpolation will require the use of ().

When being compared against using mathematical comparators, it is compared lexicographically:

if ("abc" < "cba") { prt "true" }

Last Updated: March 9th, 2024 by iiPython

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